Messenger RNA

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression. Following transcription of primary transcript mRNA (known as pre-mRNA) by RNA polymerase, processed, mature mRNA is translated into a polymer of amino acids: a protein, as summarized in the central dogma of molecular biology.

As in DNA, mRNA genetic information is in the sequence of nucleotides, which are arranged into codons consisting of three bases each. Each codon encodes for a specific amino acid, except the stop codons, which terminate protein synthesis. This process of translation of codons into amino acids requires two other types of RNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA), that mediates recognition of the codon and provides the corresponding amino acid, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), that is the central component of the ribosome's protein-manufacturing machinery.

The existence of mRNA was first suggested by Jacques Monod and François Jacob, and subsequently discovered by Jacob, Sydney Brenner and Matthew Meselson at the California Institute of Technology in 1961.

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Applied DNA Reschedules Investor Update Call in Observance of the National Day of Mourning in ...

ACCESSWIRE 09 Jan 2025
(i) the enzymatic manufacture of synthetic DNA for use in the production of nucleic acid-based therapeutics and the development and sale of a proprietary RNA polymerase ("RNAP") for use in the ...
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HMPV in China: what you need to know about this virus

The Conversation 09 Jan 2025
However, several vaccines are in the process of being developed. A combined HMPV and RSV mRNA vaccine has recently started trials ... World Health Organization and the European Regional Development Fund.
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Vilsack, Beccera: As bird flu threat grows, here's how we're ensuring safe milk | Opinion

Des Moines Register 09 Jan 2025
And we’ve invested $176 million to develop next-generation mRNA vaccines that can rapidly respond to any adaptations in the virus, with phase 3 trials beginning shortly.
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At Last, a Mainstream Media Article that Mentions a Direct Link Between Covid Vaccines and Cancer

The Daily Sceptic 08 Jan 2025
As an experienced vaccine developer for HIV and cancer it is a fairly common maxim that any vaccine that needs a booster does not work unless the patient is immunosuppressed ... for cancer development.
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Applied DNA Reschedules Investor Update Call in Observance of the National Day of Mourning in Recognition of the Passing of Former President Jimmy Carter

Pharmiweb 08 Jan 2025
(i) the enzymatic manufacture of synthetic DNA for use in the production of nucleic acid-based therapeutics and the development and sale of a proprietary RNA polymerase ("RNAP") for use in the ...
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Why everyone has a gnarly stomach bug right now, explained in one chart

Vox 08 Jan 2025
Several companies are trying to develop norovirus vaccines using both mRNA vaccine technology and more conventional vaccine development strategies, with varying levels of success.
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Does the First U.S. Death Mean Bird Flu Is Getting More Dangerous?

Time Magazine 08 Jan 2025
Newer, updated versions of a vaccine based on the same mRNA technology behind the COVID-19 shots are currently being developed and tested in the event human outbreaks occur and wider vaccination is needed.
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HMPV may be spreading in China. Here's what to know about this virus - and ...

RNZ 08 Jan 2025
By Allen Cheng of ... For most people, hMPV will cause symptoms similar to a cold or the flu ... What is hMPV? ... This has led to the hope that similar products may be developed for hMPV, and Moderna has recently started trials into a mRNA hMPV vaccine ... ....
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Moderna and other vaccine maker shares jump after first US bird flu death

Business Insider 07 Jan 2025
... reported plans to develop mRNA vaccines to treat the virus ... Moderna, Pfizer, and a partnership between GSK and CureVac are reportedly working to develop vaccines incorporating mRNA technology.
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HMPV Virus Cases Surge Globally: What You Should Know

The Sentinel Newspaper 07 Jan 2025
Young children and older adults are at a higher risk of developing more serious illness, which is why it’s essential to pay attention to the virus ... However, scientists are working on developing vaccines, including some using mRNA technology.
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Russia claims groundbreaking development of mRNA-based cancer vaccine: All we know about it so far

The Times of India 06 Jan 2025
Russia recently announced a breakthrough in cancer treatment, claiming to have developed a personalised mRNA vaccine to treat and cure cancer ... Cancer cells constantly evolve, making it challenging to develop a universal mRNA vaccine.
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As bird flu threat grows, here's how Biden is responding to ensure milk is safe | Opinion

Usatoday 06 Jan 2025
And we’ve invested $176 million to develop next-generation mRNA vaccines that can rapidly respond to any adaptations in the virus, with phase 3 trials beginning shortly.
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The Worldwide Corona Crisis. Global Coup d’État Against Humanity. Michel Chossudovsky

GlobalResearch 05 Jan 2025
Coupled with the mRNA vaccine initiative is the development of a so-called digital passport which is currently being imposed on entire populations (see analysis below).
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Scientists Are Racing to Develop a New Bird Flu Vaccine

Time Magazine 02 Jan 2025
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), pointed to mRNA as a preferred platform for the shot since vaccines can be developed and distributed quickly ... to develop its updated mRNA H5N1 vaccine.

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